Tape manufacturers: Difference between revisions
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==3M==
===Customers===
* 3M▼
* Buena Vista Home Video
** Walt Disney Home Video
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* VCI Home Video
* WCI Home Video/Warner Home Video
* World Video Pictures
▲* 3M
===Known duplicators===
* Deluxe
** Columbia Pictures Videocassette Services
* Technicolor Video Services
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===How to tell===
* Tapes manufactured prior to the late 1980s would have the text "Load this way - Do not touch tape" either engraved in white, or moulded, on the tape guard. On some PAL tapes, it may have the words "Copyright Programme" instead.
* On some tapes, especially early ones, the Scotch logo is either engraved in white, or moulded, on the tape guard.
* Mid 1980s-early 1990s tapes may have the Scotch logo engraved above the record tab.
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===Customers===
* MGM/UA Home Video
* SportsChannel/Rainbow Home Video
* United Home Video
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===Known duplicators===
* Allied Digital Technologies
* Deluxe Media Entertainment▼
** VCA-Teletronics
* Deluxe Video Services
** Columbia Pictures Videocassette Services
* Producers Color Service
* Technicolor Video Services
** The CBS/Fox Company
===How to tell===
* For Betamax, the words "Do not touch the tape inside - Insert this side into recorder" may be found on the tape guard.
==BASF==
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*** Burbank Video (1987-1995)
**** Jenal Entertainment (1987-1991)
**** Viking Video Classics/Troy Gold (1987-1989)
***
*** Strand Home Video (1989-1994)
** Starmaker Entertainment
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* Lyrick Studios (1998-2001)
* HiT Entertainment (2001-2006)
* Universal
* Sterling Entertainment Group
** UAV Corporation (1985-1998)
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===Known duplicators===
* Allied
* Deluxe
** Video Technology Services
* Mirror Image Duplication Services
* Premiere America Inc.
* Premiere Video
* Technicolor Video Services
===How to tell===
* Certain tapes may have the safety notice text on the tape guard in English and French. It would be found written as "Do not touch the video tape - Ne touchez pas la bande vidéo" or "DO NOT TOUCH THE TAPE - NE TOUCHEZ PAS LA BANDE VIDEO".
* Tapes manufactured after 2001 have "TTGNIC" moulded on the back of the cassette, usually next to the supply reel.
* Tapes manufactured prior to 1990 would have the safety notice on the tape guard engraved in white, while tapes manufactured after would have it moulded in a cheesier font.
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===Known duplicators===
* Deluxe
** Columbia Pictures Videocassette Services
** Video Technology Services
* Media Home Entertainment
* Premiere America Inc.
* Technicolor Video Services
** AstralTech
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==Global Zero==
===Customers===
* Alpha Video Distributors, Inc.
* Capcom U.S.A., Inc.
* Ford Motor Company
* General Motors
* Goldstar Video Corporation
* McDonald's
* Midway
* NordicTrack
* Rock Video Monthly
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===Known duplicators===
* 3-G Videocassette Corporation
* Allied Vaughn
* Alpha Video Distributors, Inc.
* Digital Communications Technology Corporation
* Mirror Image Duplication Services
* Rank Video Services America (Street Fighter II Turbo only)
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===Customers===
* Allied Artists Video
* Hellfire Video
* Magnetic Video Corporation
* Media Home Entertainment
===Known duplicators===
* Deluxe
* Media Home Entertainment
* Technicolor Video Services
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===How to tell===
* Very early tapes would have the text, "
* Some tapes would have the JVC logo on the tape guard.
==Kodak==
===Customers===
* Congress Video Group
* Paramount Home Video
===Known duplicators===
* Allied Film and Video Services
* Deluxe Media Entertainment▼
* Deluxe Video Services
===How to tell===
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** Video Treasures (1988-1998)
*** Burbank Video (1988-1995)
**** Viking Video Classics/Troy Gold (1987-1989)
** Starmaker Entertainment
===Known duplicators===
* Allied
* Deluxe
** Republic Pictures Home Video
* Full Perspective Video Services
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==Memorex==
===Customers===
* ADV Films▼
* Anchor Bay Entertainment (1995-1996)
** Video Treasures (1990-1996)
*** Burbank Video (1988-1995)
**** Viking Video Classics/Troy Gold (1987-1989)
** Starmaker Entertainment (1990-1996)
* Buena Vista Home Video (1987-1994)
** Walt Disney Home Video
* PBS Video
* Sony Music Entertainment (1991-2003)▼
* Vestron Video
* Warner Home Video
▲** HBO Home Video
** Allied Artists Video
▲* Sony Music Entertainment (1991-2003)
▲* ADV Films
===Known duplicators===
* Deluxe
* Full Perspective Video Services, Inc.
* MediaCopy
* Scenewise, Inc.
* Sony Digital Audio Disc Corporation
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===Known duplicators===
* Deluxe
** Video Technology Services
* Technicolor Video Services
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===Known duplicators===
* Deluxe
* Technicolor Video Services
** The CBS/Fox Company
===How to tell===
* The tape guard may have the RCA logo and the safety notice "Insert with this side up - Do not touch the tape inside".
==Shape Genesis==
===Customers===
* A.D. Vision
* AnimEigo
* Nintendo of America
* U.S. Renditions
===Known duplicators===
* Cine Magnetics
* Vaughn Communications Inc.
* VTR Productions
===How to tell===
* These tapes have shells with horizontal ridges going all the way across the front above and below the face label, and rectangular windows on either side of the label area that are smaller to accommodate larger labels. They are also comprised of less parts than the standard VHS cassette.
==Sony==
===Customers===
*
** Walt Disney Home Video
* MGM/UA Home Video
* RCA/Columbia Pictures Home Video
▲* Buena Vista Home Video
▲** Walt Disney Home Video
* Warner Home Video
** HBO/Cannon Video
===Known duplicators===
* Deluxe
** Video Technology Services
* Premiere America Inc.
* Sony Digital Audio Disc Corporation
* Technicolor Video Services
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** Walt Disney Home Video
* WCI Home Video/Warner Home Video
* World Video Pictures
===Known duplicators===
* Deluxe
** Columbia Pictures Home Entertainment
** Video Technology Services
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<gallery>
File:Record Tab (TDK) (The Three Caballeros, 1985 Disney).jpg|An example of the TDK logo and a year-week code found above the record tab. The code shown on this image reads "AKAD423", meaning it was manufactured on the 23rd week of 1984.
▲* The Lyons Group (1988-1993)
</gallery>
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==Notes==
* The first companies to provide tape stocks for the physical media industry were the larger manufacturing companies, including those that invented the media formats and accessories.
** 1930 - 3M invented the Scotch Tape
** 1935 - TDK invented iron-based magnetic material
** 1961 - Memorex invented the computer tape.
** 1975 - Sony invented the Beta format.
** 1976 - JVC invented the VHS format.
** 1987 - An improved version of the VHS format was developed by JVC, called S-VHS. In the meantime, the VHS format has won the war that it once had with the Beta format. As a result, VHS gained more popularity than Beta
** 1988 - Sony began making VHS players/recorders.
* The last companies to provide tape stocks for the industry were a soda and chemical manufacturer named BASF and a battery company named Maxell.
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